Fast Charging of LiPo Battery

The working principle of lipo batteries mainly relies on lithium ions moving back and forth between the positive and negative electrodes. Charging the operational electricity moves lithium ions from the positive electrode to the negative electrode. It is a fast process for lithium ions to go out of the material and enter the material. It is a slow process. For graphite materials, when lithium ions come out, it is more than a hundred times worse than when they go in, and the speed is two orders of magnitude different. It is easier to discharge but harder and slower to charge. Therefore, some companies claim that “by improving the positive electrode, the LiPo battery can be charged as much electricity in 5 minutes”, which is entirely unbelievable because charging is not the positive electrode but the negative electrode.

Nowday’s lipo battery material system includes graphite and other carbon materials for the negative electrode. Recently, I have wanted to add silicon oxide to it and fast-charging lithium carbonate. They all have different characteristics. When a large number of lithium ions are charged, they first pass through the electrolyte and diffuse in it, which makes charging at low temperatures problematic because, at low temperatures, the electric horsepower of the electrolyte is not enough. More than the diffusion speed of ions is required. If you want to fast charge in the middle of the day, this matter will become more complex.

There are two problems when the lipo battery needs to be fixed. The Lithium ions can’t be transported in the electrolyte. However, after the lithium ions are transported from the electrolyte and reach the electrode interface, the entrance door is too small, and the lithium ions cannot enter. After entering, the room is too crowded after joining, and it is more dangerous to be at the door. Accumulation at the door will cause a short circuit. The lower the temperature, the greater the problem.

Consumers require fast charging. If a regular car’s charging power is increased, the charging time will be shortened accordingly. It can achieve a full charge in a few minutes, but if it is within an hour or even half an hour, whether this kind of fast charging is still meaningful depends on whether the LiPo Battery and charging infrastructure can meet the requirements. This involves security issues.

In addition to safety issues, fast charging, including charging modes, will affect the LiPo battery’s life. Setting the upper voltage limit of the lipo battery a little higher will reduce the life of the lipo battery. When fast charging, a higher temperature can achieve the effect, but it is also at the cost of sacrificing LiPo Battery life. It may not be visible when the vehicle is first used, but the impact on the LiPo Battery will be more evident as you go later.

LiPo Battery life is also related to the depth of charge and discharge. For example, a mobile phone battery stops when it is charged to 90% and starts charging when it is greater than 20%, which is better than others who charge it every time and charge it every time it when turned off. Much longer. Therefore, it is better to be in the middle for the lipo batteries.

To give an example of fast charging, the National Laboratory of the United States has used Nissan Leaf to conduct experiments in different charging conditions and at different temperatures. It is a charging difference. Through experiments, it is found that if the temperature can keep the temperature of the LiPo battery better, the voltage can be controlled better, and the impact is not too significant. There are two conditions for proper fast charging. One is controlling the temperature, and the other is that the voltage cannot be boosted and must be done within the voltage range.

In addition to speed, fast charging also cares about safety and LiPo battery life. Battery life is closely related to the battery’s depth of charge and discharge. Proper charging and proper fast charging cannot affect the LiPo battery, but high-rate Fast charging of the lipo battery can affect the lipo battery.

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